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PHIL SMITH

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Hurricane and Typhoon Signal and Warning Comparisons

Hong Kong Observatory

PAGASA

NHC

BoM

WA SES

Signal One (Stand-by) #1:
A  TC within 800 km may affect HK
 no equivalent  no equivalent no equivalent  
Signal Three (Strong Winds) #3:
41-62km/h Strong Winds expected within 12 hours
PSWS#1 (ONE):
30-60 km/h winds expected in 36 hours
Strong Wind Warning Strong Wind Warning  
 no equivalent  no equivalent Tropical Storm Watch:
63-117 km/h winds in 36 hours
Tropical Cyclone Watch Category 1:
>75 km/h gusts in 24-48 hours
 
Signal Eight (Gale or Storm Winds) #8:
63-117 km/h Gale or Storm Force winds expected or blowing
PSWS#2 (TWO):
60-100 km/h winds expected in 24 hours
Tropical Storm Warning:
63-117 km/h winds in <24 hours
Tropical Cyclone Warning Category 1:
>75 km/h gusts in <24 hours
 
Signal Nine (Increasing Gale or Storm Winds) #9:
Increasing Gale or Storm Force winds
(effectively means Gale or Storm Force winds are blowing now and Hurricane Force winds are likely pretty soon)
  no equivalent Hurricane Watch:
>118 km/h winds  in 36 hours

Hurricane Watch with Tropical Storm Warning:
63-117 km/h winds in <24 hours and >118 km/h winds  in 36 hours

Tropical Cyclone Watch Category 2, 3, 4, or 5:
125-280 km/h Gusts in 24-48 hours
 
Signal Ten (Hurricane):
118 km/h + Hurricane Force winds expected or blowing
PSWS#3 (THREE):
100-185 km/h Hurricane Force Winds expected in 18 hours
Hurricane Warning Cat 1 or 2:
>118 km/h winds in <24 hours
[119-153 km/h = Cat 1] 
[154-177 km/h = Cat 2]
Tropical Cyclone Warning Category 2:
125-170 km/h Gusts in <24 hours
 
no equivalent PSWS#4 (FOUR):
185 km/h + Very Intense Hurricane Force winds expected in 12 hours
Hurricane Warning Cat 3, 4, or 5:
[178-209 km/h = Cat 3]  
[210-249 km/h = Cat 4]   
[>250 km/h = Cat 5]
Tropical Cyclone Warning Category 3, 4, or 5:
170-220 km/h Gusts in <24 hours Category 3
[220-280 km/h = cat 4] 
[>280 km/h = Cat 5]
 
All Signals were lowered All Philippine PSWS were lowered All warnings are cancelled All warnings are discontinued  

 I made this table because I have trouble remembering what each agency's Signals and Warnings mean especially when compared with each other. 
It should be noted that equivalency is only very approximate, as each agency has independently developed its own system without any need for relatingto any other system.   NHC winds are sustained winds on a one-minute average, Australian winds are maximum gusts, all other winds are sustained winds on a ten-minute average.

NOTE: If you know of any links which you think should be added to this page, or if you find that some of the links on this page do not work, or if links now lead to unsuitable content, please email me at phil DOT drdisk AT gmail DOT com to advise me of the details.

This page was last updated on 07/02/08 at 08:15:24 Hong Kong Time.

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Copyright © 1996 - 2010 Phil Smith, all rights reserved. All contents in this web site are provided as is without warranty of any kind. Phil Smith expressly disclaims any liability from the use of any information in this web site.

Note: for sections of some of the pages within this site attributed to [HKO]: the links and materials provided therein are supplied by the Hong Kong Observatory and the following Notice is applicable to those sections: Copyright Notice:   All weather information shown here, including but not limited to all text, graphics, drawings, diagrams, photographs and compilation of data or other materials are provided by the Hong Kong Observatory. Any reproduction, adaptation, distribution, dissemination or making available of such copyright works to the public is strictly prohibited unless prior written authorization is obtained from the Hong Kong Observatory.

Note that the e-mail address for Phil Smith (also known as "Doctor Disk") has been changed to phil DOT drdisk AT gmail DOT com with effect from 18th March 2006.  To use this e-mail address, in your e-mail program's "To" field, type out the words in blue replacing " AT " with "@" and replacing " DOT " with "." so that there are no spaces.  Sorry for the inconvenience, but my junk mail had passed 1,000 items per day.

 

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